Uninsured motorist statistics and facts for 2025

Finding room in the monthly budget for car insurance payments has become a headache for many Americans over the past few years. With the average cost of full coverage at $205 per month as of November 2024, affordability could be one of the reasons why there are so many uninsured drivers on the road today. In addition to being illegal in almost every state, driving without insurance increases the cost of car insurance even more for those who are insured. Bankrate compiled the most up-to-date statistics on uninsured and underinsured motorists, plus tips on how to keep yourself financially protected behind the wheel.

How many people drive without insurance?

According to the Insurance Research Council (IRC), 14 percent of drivers were uninsured in 2022. Based on AAA’s 2022 American Driving Survey, there are about 255 million drivers, which means around 35.7 million people are driving without insurance. Driving stats change each year, and studies show that uninsured driving was trending downward until it jumped from around 11 percent in 2019 to approximately 14 percent in 2020.

The peak of the recent spike in uninsured driving was in 2021 at 14.2 percent — the highest recorded amount since 2008’s 14.3 percent. While the average national rate of uninsured motorists was 14 percent as of 2019, 19 states and Washington, D.C. have uninsured motorist rates that are higher than the national average.

How do uninsured motorists impact me?

Like almost everything else, the average cost of auto insurance increased in recent years. According to data from Quadrant Information Services, the average annual cost of a full coverage car insurance policy rose 20 percent from June 2022 to June 2024. For anyone on a tighter budget, increased insurance costs could be the final straw that pushes them to drive without coverage. According to the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, 82 percent of uninsured drivers either cannot afford car insurance or have a vehicle that is inoperable or unused.

Drivers who forgo insurance directly impact the cost of car insurance for everyone else. That’s because uninsured drivers still cause accidents; they just aren’t sharing in the burden of risk. Put simply, car insurance premiums are pooled together to share when an accident occurs. When people do not contribute to the pool and drive uninsured, the cost to cover accidents increases for those paying car insurance. IRC President Dale Porfilio summarizes: “The pandemic appears to have caused a jump in the percentage of drivers choosing to forgo required insurance, adding to the insurance costs for everyone else.”

What is uninsured motorist coverage?

Uninsured motorist coverage (UM) helps pay for the damage caused by another driver who doesn’t carry car insurance. UM is required by law in some states and optional in others. States often offer underinsured motorist coverage (UIM) as well, which helps pay for damages when another driver causes bodily injury but their insurance limits are insufficient.

For example, say someone driving with state minimum liability limits of 25/50 hits you and causes $40,000 in bodily injury. Their insurance would only pay $25,000, but your UIM coverage would kick in and cover the additional $15,000. Some states also offer uninsured motorist property damage coverage or UMPD, which helps pay to repair or replace your vehicle if an uninsured driver damages it.

The financial impact of UM coverage beyond car insurance

To protect yourself financially from a collision with an uninsured driver, many insurance experts recommend UM/UIM coverage. Without UM/UIM coverage, you and your passengers would need to rely on other parts of your auto policy or your health insurance for payments toward medical care from a car accident. Coverage types like personal injury protection (PIP) and medical payments (MedPay) can help cover the cost of medical expenses resulting from a car accident with an uninsured driver, but PIP usually has a deductible, and both PIP and MedPay usually have much lower limits than UM coverage.

Additionally, UM does not have a deductible. Drivers with high-deductible health insurance plans may want to pay extra attention to UM coverage and speak to their agent for advice. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average median health insurance deductible for private industry workers was $2,500 in 2023. The latest stat on the cost of UM/UIM coverage is from 2016, but the IRC shows that it is around $78 per insured vehicle. Having a detailed conversation with your insurance agent about the cost and limits of UM/UIM, PIP and medical payments can help you select the right type and level of coverage — and could save you money in the long run.

Uninsured motorists by state

From 2015 to 2019, the national average rate of uninsured drivers fluctuated by 1.2 percent at the most, and rates hovered around the 12 percent mark. However, the state-by-state data tell a different tale. Some states, like Michigan and Delaware, actually saw decreased rates of uninsured drivers over the four-year period. On the other hand, Washington, Rhode Island and Mississippi saw increases of nearly 7 percent. Below are the uninsured motorist rates by state for 2022 (the most recent year data exist), according to the Insurance Information Institute (Triple-I):

States with the most uninsured drivers:

1. Washington, D.C.: 25.2 percent
2. New Mexico: 24.9 percent
3. Mississippi: 22.2 percent
4. Tennessee: 20.9 percent
5. Michigan: 19.6 percent

States with the fewest uninsured motorists:

1. Wyoming: 5.9 percent
2. Maine: 6.2 percent
3. Idaho: 6.2 percent
4. Utah: 7.3 percent
5. New Hampshire: 7.8 percent

• Uninsured motorist rates by state

  State	Uninsured motorist rate
  Alabama	14.2%
  Alaska	11.3%
  Arizona	11.9%
  Arkansas	15.1%
  California	17.0%
  Colorado	17.5%
  Connecticut	10.4%
  Delaware	18.1%
  District of Columbia	25.2%
  Florida	15.9%
  Georgia	18.1%
  Hawaii	10.9%
  Idaho	6.2%
  Illinois	16.3%
  Indiana	13.9%
  Iowa	9.9%
  Kansas	8.0%
  Kentucky	18.7%
  Louisiana	13.7%
  Maine	6.2%
  Maryland	15.1%
  Massachusetts	8.8%
  Michigan	19.6%
  Minnesota	8.7%
  Mississippi	22.2%
  Missouri	16.0%
  Montana	8.8%
  Nebraska	7.8%
  Nevada	8.8%
  New Hampshire	7.8%
  New Jersey	10.9%
  New Mexico	24.9%
  New York	10.8%
  North Carolina	10.3%
  North Dakota	7.9%
  Ohio	17.1%
  Oklahoma	11.8%
  Oregon	12.3%
  Pennsylvania	9.6%
  Rhode Island	15.6%
  South Carolina	12.3%
  South Dakota	8.0%
  Tennessee	20.9%
  Texas	13.8%
  Utah	7.3%
  Vermont	9.7%
  Virginia	12.1%
  Washington	16.5%
  West Virginia	8.9%
  Wisconsin	15.1%
  Wyoming	5.9%

  Source: Insurance Information Institute

What states require uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage?

Surprisingly, many states in the U.S. do not require uninsured or underinsured motorist coverage by law. Currently, only 21 states and Washington, D.C. mandate some form of this type of auto coverage. In those that do, the required amount of coverage varies. For example, some states require bodily injury coverage; some require property damage coverage.

Although you will not be able to buy a policy that doesn’t comply with your state’s minimum car insurance laws, understanding coverage requirements can help you decide if you need to fill a gap in your policy.

• State-by-state requirements for uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage

  State	Uninsured coverage required			Underinsured coverage required
  	Bodily injury per person	Bodily injury per accident	Property damage	Bodily injury per person	Bodily injury per accident	Property damage
  Connecticut	$25,000	$50,000		$25,000	$50,000
  District of Columbia	$25,000	$50,000	$5,000 with $200 deductible
  Illinois	$25,000	$50,000
  Kansas	$25,000	$50,000		$25,000	$50,000
  Maine	$50,000	$100,000		$50,000	$100,000
  Maryland	$30,000	$60,000	$15,000
  Massachusetts	$20,000	$40,000
  Minnesota	$25,000	$50,000		$25,000	$50,000
  Missouri	$25,000	$50,000
  Nebraska	$25,000	$50,000		$25,000	$50,000
  New Hampshire	$25,000	$50,000	$25,000	$25,000	$50,000	$25,000
  New Jersey*	$25,000	$50,000	$20,000	$50,000
  New York	$25,000	$50,000
  North Carolina**	$30,000	$60,000	$25,000	$30,000	$60,000
  North Dakota	$25,000	$50,000		$25,000	$50,000
  Oregon	$25,000	$50,000
  South Carolina	$25,000	$50,000	$25,000 with $200 deductible
  South Dakota	$25,000	$50,000		$25,000	$50,000
  Vermont	$50,000	$100,000	$10,000 with $150 deductible	$50,000	$100,000	$10,000 with $150 deductible
  Virginia***	$25,000	$50,000	$20,000 with $200 deductible	$25,000	$50,000	$20,000 with $200 deductible
  West Virginia	$25,000	$50,000	$25,000
  Wisconsin	$25,000	$50,000

  *New Jersey limits are based on the “standard policy” minimum coverage requirements for current coverage. These limits reflect the increase that took place in January 2023. New Jersey’s minimum limits will increase again in January 2026 to 35/70/25 for liability and 35/70 for UM/UIM.

  **North Carolina policies effective on or after Jan. 1, 2025, will have increased UM coverage minimums of 50/100. 

  ***Virginia policies effective on or after Jan. 1, 2025, will have increased UM coverage minimums of 50/100.

How to protect yourself from uninsured motorists

You cannot control whether or not someone chooses to purchase car insurance. While that can be a daunting thought, here are some ways to financially protect yourself from uninsured motorists.

• Carry uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage: If it is not already a part of your car insurance policy, you might want to add uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage. Or, if your state requires you to carry this kind of coverage, you might want to double-check the limits of your policy. Very few states require drivers to carry uninsured/underinsured property damage coverage, and it may be worth adding.
• Consider an umbrella policy: An umbrella policy offers added liability coverage when the policy limits associated with your car insurance, home insurance or other forms of insurance are not high enough to cover the damage. Causing a car accident can mean big expenses, and having an umbrella policy may give you added peace of mind. However, you may need to verify that your umbrella policy applies to uninsured drivers, as some policies do not include coverage for this.
• Practice safe driving habits: The best way to avoid dealing with an uninsured motorist is to avoid an accident in the first place. Eliminate driving distractions and stay alert behind the wheel.

Frequently asked questions

• What percentage of drivers are uninsured?

  An IRC report found that 14 percent of drivers nationwide drove without car insurance in 2022. The percentage of uninsured drivers varies widely based on where you live. For instance, in Mississippi and Michigan, more than one in four drivers do not have insurance. States like Wyoming, Maine and Idaho, however, report uninsured driver rates of around 6 percent.

• Why do people drive without insurance?

  Budget constraints are a primary motivator for people driving without insurance. Although finding cheap car insurance may be possible (especially if you only carry state minimum coverage), for some drivers, even the cheapest policies are out of reach. Inflation is pushing some people beyond their financial means, which could contribute to a higher number of drivers forgoing auto coverage.

• Do any states allow you to drive without insurance?

  New Hampshire is the only state where you are not legally required to purchase a car insurance policy to drive on public roads. Virginia used to allow drivers to pay an uninsured motorist fee instead of buying coverage, but the state recently voted to discontinue that option.