The beauty of exchange-traded funds (ETFs) is that they can incorporate an almost-infinite variety of “themes” into an easy-to-buy investment fund. While popular ETFs are based on specific industries, geographic areas or high-profile indexes such as the S&P 500, other funds are based on a weird or niche area of the market or a totally offbeat investment theme.

Here are seven of weirdest, wildest ETFs and why you may (or may not) want to invest in them.

7 of the most unusual ETFs you can buy

The performance and expense data below are as of April 27, 2023.

1. Inverse Cramer ETF (SJIM) and Long Cramer ETF (LJIM)

TV personality and former hedge fund manager Jim Cramer. Love him or hate him – either way you can invest in him, or at least his stock calls, thanks to a pair of recently introduced ETFs. These ETFs seek to track the calls made by Cramer, by doing the opposite of his suggestions with the Inverse Cramer ETF or by buying his picks in the Long Cramer ETF. These funds were introduced in March 2023, so they don’t have much of a record, but they’re fun to watch anyway.

Assets under management: $4.9 million (SJIM) and $500,000 (LJIM)
Expense ratio: 1.2 percent for either

2. ProShares UltraPro QQQ ETF (TQQQ)

This fund tracks the performance of the Nasdaq-100 index, which includes the world’s largest tech stocks and more, and then puts it on steroids, aiming to get three times the daily return of that index. The results have been breathtaking over the last decade, with the fund up around 35 percent annually on average, though it was rising at more than a 70 percent clip annually before the market’s meltdown in 2022. Of course, the downside has been just as severe. However, note that this fund uses options to magnify its returns, meaning that it’s subject to constant degradation in its net asset value as it has to continually roll its investments. But if you like investing in the biggest tech companies, then you might love the UltraPro QQQ ETF.

Assets under management: $12.4 billion
Expense ratio: 0.86 percent

3. iPath Series B S&P 500 VIX Short-Term Futures (VXX)

Yes, you can actually wager on the volatility of the S&P 500 index, and this fund is one way to do it, though it’s technically an exchange-traded note (ETN) rather than an ETF. This note provides exposure to futures on the CBOE Volatility Index, known more commonly as the VIX, or the fear gauge. Because of its structure, the net asset value tends to degrade over time, and it’s best suited for short-term exposure to volatility, such as when the market plunges.

Assets under management: $369 million
Expense ratio: 0.89 percent

4. Procure Space ETF (UFO)

Despite the UFO ticker symbol, this ETF is less about the search for extraterrestrial life than it is about the commercialization of space, so the stocks in the fund won’t be alien to most investors. It includes major satellite communication companies (Iridium Communications, Garmin, Sirius XM) as well as some defense companies (Raytheon, Boeing) involved in related areas.

Assets under management: $47.5 million
Expense ratio: 0.75 percent

5. VanEck CEF Municipal Income ETF (XMPT)

This ETF is really a fund of funds that invest in tax-exempt municipal bonds, hence the apt ticker symbol. The underlying funds are known as closed-end funds, and they’re a popular way to buy municipal bonds and juice their returns through leverage. This VanEck fund allows investors to get exposure to a nearly complete range of such funds and a 4.8 percent tax-free yield. It’s an interesting idea, if pricy at 1.81 percent of assets annually, and that’s on top of the already-hefty fees charged by the closed-end funds. It would be just as easy to skip the middleman here, and pick perhaps the top 10 funds and juice your final overall yield by about 38 percent.

Assets under management: $204 million
Expense ratio: 1.81 percent

6. Roundhill MEME ETF (MEME)

This fund invests in what are known as memestocks, the stocks that capture the fancy of retail investors. The fund tracks an index that includes an equal-weighted portfolio of 25 U.S.-listed stocks that are showing elevated chatter on social media and that have a high level of short interest. Such a potent combination could help lead to stocks skyrocketing as part of a short squeeze, similar to what happened to GameStop in January 2021.

Assets under management: $890,000
Expense ratio: 0.69 percent

7. AdvisorShares Vice ETF (VICE)

These products may be bad for you, but they may end up being good for your wallet. With an appropriate ticker symbol, this fund invests in bad habits – think tobacco, alcohol, gambling but also milder things such as chocolate. These companies are largely consumer plays, classified either as cyclical or defensive, meaning that they’ll tend to do well mostly regardless of the economic climate and they’re often cash cows, especially in the good times.

Assets under management: $9 million
Expense ratio: 0.99 percent

What to watch out for in thematic ETFs

While oddball ETFs may come with some fun and funny ticker symbols, they may have some serious drawbacks that investors should pay attention to:

  • Small: Oddball thematic ETFs such as these tend to be small, and many have formed relatively recently in the hope of finding a niche that could attract investors’ interest and grow quickly into a money-generating product. If they don’t perform well or catch on with investors in a relatively short period, they’ll be closed.
  • High expense ratios: A byproduct of their small size is that many of these ETFs have high expense ratios, the cost to own the fund as a percentage of your investment. Fund managers have a variety of fees to cover, and smaller funds often carry inordinately high expenses, while some of the best ETFs carry razor-thin expense ratios.
  • Misleading naming: A problem that plagues many ETFs is that the fund’s name purports to do one thing but mostly seems to deliver another. For example, a space ETF may consist mainly of satellite communications companies and not the space exploration companies that you might imagine. Or a country ETF (say a Spain ETF) may own stocks that make most of their profit outside that country.
  • Limited track record of performance: Many thematic ETFs have not been around that long, and are trying to capture the zeitgeist with an appropriately named fund and strategy. The memestock fund named above is a prime example. These funds often have short track records, and it’s important that investors check the fund’s historical performance to see what it might return in the future.

These are a few of the key things to watch for with any ETF that you might invest in.

Bottom line

ETFs can have a broad range of flavors, but it’s important to understand what you’re actually buying and how the investment strategy has performed. While there’s some fun in the novelty of a thematic ETF such, you want your hard-earned money to generate a return for you, above all.