Securing housing after domestic violence

Each minute in the U.S., almost 20 people are physically abused by an intimate partner. That is more than 10 million people each year. Sometimes, leaving an abusive situation is only half of the battle — especially for those who live with their abuser. Survivors of domestic violence may struggle to secure housing once they are out on their own. Bankrate has put together this guide on navigating life after domestic violence, with lists of resources and tips on how to move forward safely.

Recognizing types of abuse

Domestic abuse can be challenging to identify because of its deceptive and manipulative nature. While it may seem obvious, domestic abuse is not always easy to recognize, even for the victim.

As a licensed clinical social worker, Tracie Carter of TRC Counseling Services tells us, “The impact of abuse on each individual can be different. This can depend on the frequency and extent of the abuse, whether children are involved, the victim’s mental/physical health when the abuse begins, and the victim’s previous victimization.”

Melissa Hoppmeyer, Chief of the Special Victims Unit and co-host of the No Grey Zone Podcast focusing on domestic violence, goes into further detail: “Domestic violence involves power and control against the victim. The abuser uses multiple means of power and control, including financial abuse, isolation, gaslighting, and violence.”

Domestic violence is not always physical; there are several forms of domestic abuse. Below, we will take a closer look at a few different forms abuse can take.

Emotional

Emotional abuse uses emotions to manipulate someone through control, embarrassment, shame, fear, blame and other negative feelings. Attacking and reducing a person’s self-esteem makes them more dependent on the abuser. It is a highly pervasive form of abuse; nearly half of all men and women in the U.S. have experienced a form of psychological aggression by their partner.

“When people think of domestic violence, they usually think of physical abuse…” says Raffi Bilek, LCSW-C, Director of both the Baltimore Therapy Center and the Montgomery County Abuse Intervention Program. “The truth is that the psychological abuse is invariably described as the more damaging experience. Abusers often undermine their victims’ faith in their own thought processes and their ability to trust their own decisions with constant belittling and criticism.”

Survivors of emotional abuse may doubt themselves and question their ability to live independently of their abuser.

Verbal

Verbal abuse is another form of domestic violence, where an abuser uses words to threaten, bully, demean and hurt others. It can involve yelling, name-calling and belittling a person. Like emotional abuse, verbal abuse is exceedingly common. One in five college-aged women reports verbal abuse by a dating partner.

“Domestic abuse can take different forms,” explains family law attorney Sabrina Shaheen Cronin of The Cronin Law Firm. “These forms can take shape suddenly or over time. Verbal abuse is something that, from childhood, is more ‘tolerated’ from people later in life, whether it be by bosses, friends, romantic partners and even children.”

Physical

Physical abuse occurs when someone causes intentional bodily injury to another. It can involve hitting, slapping, pinching, biting, choking, using physical restraints or drugging someone.

Physical abuse is one of the most commonly reported forms of abuse due to the immediate threat to one’s person, with one in three women experiencing some form of physical violence by an intimate partner at some point during their lifetime. Men are not immune to this kind of abuse, either. In fact, one in four men report some kind of physical violence by their partner.

Financial

Economic abuse involves seizing control of finances, such as withholding or restricting access to accounts or resources or preventing a victim from working or going to school.

“Some survivors stay with abusers out of economic necessity,” adds Melanie Carlson, a Ph.D. candidate at Michigan State University studying domestic violence and poverty. “They may feel like they would be worse off if they left, including losing the ability to share resources.”

Cronin agrees based on her experience with victims. “If the abuse is more of a suppressive or oppressive, controlling nature, money is often used as the tool. If a spouse is controlling with money, the dependent spouse has to look to the controller for an allowance, or a way to be able to spend money for groceries, children’s things or a simple manicure from time to time.”

There are multiple ways abusers can control their victims’ finances, including:

• Limiting access to cash and bank accounts
• Controlling use of ATM debit and credit cards
• Seizing money from the victim
• Keeping all assets in the abuser’s name
• Using victim’s finances without knowledge or consent
• Coerced debt, or using the victim’s credit without knowledge or consent

Sexual

Abuse of a sexual nature includes not only rape but any form of unwanted, non-consensual sexual contact that can consist of forced or coerced touching, photography, nudity, rape or sodomy.

More than half of female rape victims report being raped by an intimate partner, while over 40 percent are raped by someone they know. Men are not exempt from sexual abuse, either; more than 52 percent of men are raped by acquaintances.

Most common challenges when leaving your abuser

While it may seem like a simple solution, leaving an abusive situation is never as easy as it seems. On average, it takes a domestic abuse victim seven tries to leave their abusive environment for good. That is not because a victim does not want to, but because there are other forces at play that may make it feel impossible for someone to leave.

One of these forces is fear. Abusers thrive on fear, and as the abuse perpetuates, the fear can become near-debilitating. There is also the fear of what comes after; abusers often retaliate violently after a victim leaves in an attempt to regain control. Bankrate spoke to Ron Blake, who introduced himself as “a blue-collar male domestic violence survivor,” working today with the Arizona Coalition to End Sexual and Domestic Violence. He mentioned that, in his own experience dealing with domestic violence, that fear of the unknown played a large role in more ways than just one: “the fear of losing our money, our home, our pets, our credit cards or credit score, our job or business. The fear of losing the love of our life, of trusting ever again. The fear that we will never understand ‘why?’”

Other obstacles that prevent victims from leaving their abusers include:

• Emotional or romantic attachment to an abuser
• Financial dependency on an abuser
• Sharing children or pets with an abuser
• Lack of resources like a phone, car or computer

What to do after domestic violence

Leaving an abusive environment is not typically a decision made overnight. It can take a lot of time and preparation to ensure a safe departure. If you are struggling with what to do after domestic violence, the following list may help point you in the right direction:

1. Set money aside secretly. If possible, open a new bank account or find a safe place to set aside extra money so you have funds available when it’s time to leave.
2. Pack an emergency bag. Fill a bag with essentials and store it somewhere your abuser will not find it. This should include things like your car keys, cash, medication and a change of clothes. If you are bringing a tablet or laptop with you, ensure that location tracking is disabled.
3. Get a prepaid phone. Pay-as-you-go phones are easy to buy with cash and can help ensure secure conversations without your abuser having access. If you have a smartphone, you might want to ditch it in favor of something more low-tech to make sure your abuser cannot use location tracking.
4. Secure important documents. Gather or make copies of all important paperwork you may need for you and your children. Documentation such as your identification, passports, birth certificates, social security cards, marriage license, car title and mortgage/deed could all be helpful. If you cannot obtain hard copies, you might want to scan your documents onto a USB drive.
5. Plan and prepare for your departure. Create a safety plan to help you leave, which could include everything from planning alternate exits to coordinating with friends and law enforcement.
6. Contact local law enforcement. Local law enforcement can help with a protective order or police escort when it is time to leave. You can also request that the police be on call in case of trouble when you go. Resources vary on a state-by-state basis, so ask your local police department how they can help you get out safely.
7. Tell your loved ones. Be sure to share your plans with trusted loved ones and provide clear instructions not to threaten your escape plan.

“You should go somewhere that your abuser would not look for you,” says Hoppmeyer, Chief of Special Victims. “Tell very few people where you are, change your number and disable location services. Look into apps like VictimsVoice and Ur Safe that document any further abuser or stalking.”

How to find housing after domestic abuse

Finding housing after domestic abuse is an intimidating process — but it can be done. Once you’re safely away from your abuser, you can follow the steps listed below to help you secure safe and comfortable housing.

1. Find immediate shelter

Avoiding homelessness is a serious concern for those escaping domestic violence. Over 90 percent of homeless women are survivors of severe physical or sexual violence, and studies show that 38 percent of housing recipients in local domestic programs are children.

“Your local domestic violence shelter can help by assisting in developing a safety plan and sharing community resources,” explains Carlson. “Every state has a statewide coalition against domestic violence. From there, you can find out how to contact your local domestic violence program’s hotline.”

If you don’t know where to go begin looking for temporary housing, check the following resources:

Housing resources and support

Some domestic violence survivors may prefer to live with family members or trusted friends instead of going to a shelter. If that is the case, it’s important to keep an open line of communication with whomever you are living with. If they are aware of the situation, they will be better able to help keep you safe. Teach your hosts the warning signs so they can keep an eye out for your abuser: what they look like, what car they drive, their identifying features, etc. It may also be a smart idea to obtain a protection order from the local police near your new home.

If you are a family member or friend of a survivor, the following resources can help you best support a survivor of domestic violence:

Support for survivors and families of domestic violence

2. Protect your new home

Once you’ve found a new place to live, it’s important to shore up your home security. A doorbell camera can help you keep tabs on your property when you’re not around. Setting up timed lights can give the appearance that you are home, which may ward off a potential intruder. Door security bars may also help you feel more secure.

Carter offers some additional tips based on her experience working directly with survivors. “Ensure that your home has more than one exit,” she urges. “Do not move above the third floor of an apartment complex in the event you need to escape from the balcony or on the first floor so that someone has easier access to break into the apartment.”

Another important part of protecting your new place is making sure that it is insured with either a renters insurance or homeowners insurance policy. If your home is broken into by your abuser, an insurance policy can help you pay for the resulting damage both to your physical space (broken windows, busted doors, etc.) and to your personal belongings. Insurance coverage may also offer vital financial protection for those living on limited resources after leaving an abusive situation.

3. Consider a restraining order or other legal action

If you need to, it may be worth pursuing a restraining order or other legal action to prevent your abuser from contacting or harassing you. Guidelines for filing a restraining order will vary from state to state, but the resources below could help you get started.

Legal resources for domestic violence

4. Seek counseling

It can feel difficult to know what to do after domestic violence, but taking care of your health is paramount. Less than 35 percent of those injured by intimate partners seek medical care for their injuries, leading to lasting injuries.

Taking care of your mental health is just as important as your physical health. Domestic violence survivors are subject to a higher risk of depression and suicide than non-victims. An online counselor may be a good option for many, as they can work on your schedule to provide support. Leaving an abuser can lead to feelings of loneliness and isolation, so it is important to lean on your relationships with trusted loved ones. You might also want to inform your employer of your situation for support as necessary.

Mental health resources for domestic abuse survivors

Securing transportation after domestic abuse

Securing transportation is a key step in the successful transition to independent living.

• Look into charity cars: Domestic violence nonprofits often partner with car donation programs to offer free cars to people escaping dangerous situations who are unable to secure the necessary funds to purchase a car. These organizations often require applications to receive a car, but assistance is available through the Domestic Violence Helpline, which can help connect victims with any of these resources or navigate the processes involved.
• Research grants or discounted pricing: There are established organizations at the national, state and local levels that provide funding for victims of domestic violence. This map provides detailed information on state-specific grants that are available to help secure a car and/or help people get out of abusive or violent situations. Another option is getting in touch with private organizations that make it their mission to help domestic violence victims and lower-income families get access to a car.
• Consider a rideshare program: National rideshare organizations Uber and Lyft are committed to helping domestic violence victims by providing free rides across the United States. Uber has partnered with numerous domestic violence organizations to provide 50,000 free rides to shelters and over 45,000 free meals for these individuals. Lyft is offering $1.5 million in ride credits through LyftUp for domestic violence victims.

Another important step involved in getting a car that is often overlooked is securing a separate auto insurance policy and removing yourself from any joint auto policies. Joint auto policies are a financial risk because policyholders are responsible for damage and monetary compensation in case of an accident or if their former partner gets sued. Car insurance policies also often include personal information, like your address, license plate number and, in the case of a claim, where and when you drive.

Transportation resources for domestic violence survivors

Additional resources for domestic abuse survivors

Pet resources

It is hard enough for victims to extricate themselves from an abusive situation, but the problem can be more complex when pets are involved. These resources can help ensure your pet’s safety.

Resources for pets of domestic violence households

Bottom line

It takes enormous courage to leave an abuser. With careful planning and open communication with loved ones, it is completely possible to forge a new way forward, free from abuse. It will take time, but once you are settled in somewhere safe, you can begin to feel safe, secure, empowered and hopeful again.